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UPAC regime · CONUEE

Is my company a UPAC?

Two thresholds, and exceeding one is enough.

A facility is a High Energy Consumption User (UPAC) if, in the previous calendar year, it consumed more than 45 GWh of electricity or more than 70,000 barrels of oil equivalent (boe) in fuels. This is set by the General Administrative Provisions (DACG) published on September 30, 2026. The count is per facility, not per corporate group.

The fundamental change

For ten years it was voluntary. Since 2025 it has been mandatory.

This comes straight from the text of the law: one word was rewritten. The sentence keeps the same verb, the same subject and the same object. Only the adjective changed.

Before

Energy Transition Law (LTE) · 2015

Article 18, section XVII

“To promote and agree upon, with high energy consumption users, the voluntary implementation of energy management systems”

Now

Energy Planning and Transition Law (LPTE) · 2025

Article 11, section XV · DOF, March 18, 2025

“To promote and agree upon, with High Energy Consumption Users, the mandatory implementation of energy management systems in accordance with the provisions it issues for that purpose”

And the Regulations make it explicit. Published on October 3, 2025, Article 88, section V, instructs CONUEE to issue provisions containing “the elements for the mandatory implementation of energy management systems, which shall at a minimum consider what is established in the ISO 50001 standard: Energy management systems.” It is the first time a Mexican regulation of that rank names ISO 50001 as the minimum reference for an obligation.
The framework

The five articles that build the regime.

The LPTE Regulations, published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) on October 3, 2025, set out the obligations of the UPAC regime in a block of articles.

88

The provisions

CONUEE must issue the General Administrative Provisions (DACG) for UPACs. Section V mandates the implementation of the EnMS in accordance with ISO 50001.

89

The information

What must be reported: consumption by energy type and the efficiency measures implemented.

90 · 91

The registry

CONUEE operates the UPAC Registry, and users that exceed the threshold must register in it.

98

The exit

Deregistration is possible after three years, and only if implementation of the management system has been demonstrated in accordance with Article 88, section V. The DACG specify that it must be requested one year in advance and that the facility must not have exceeded the thresholds in the previous year or in the year of the request.

Article 98 is worth reading twice. Leaving the registry requires more than dropping below the threshold: the management system requirement must have been met first.
The short answer

The two thresholds, and how they are counted.

The DACG published on September 30, 2026 define a High Energy Consumption User as a facility that, in the previous calendar year, exceeded either of these two limits. Exceeding one of them is enough.

45 GWh
of electricity per year; applies once exceeded
70,000 boe
of fuels per year, in barrels of oil equivalent; applies once exceeded
The DACG set the fuel threshold at 70,000 boe. The previous value was 100,000: the 30% reduction brought more facilities under the obligation. Fuels used for transportation are excluded.
Review my numbers
How the calculation works
Facility by facility
The threshold is evaluated per site, not per corporate group. One plant may be in and the one next door may be out.
Electricity, from the bills
Add up the facility’s twelve months of billed consumption. It is the most readily available figure and the fastest to rule the obligation in or out.
Fuels, converted to boe
Natural gas, LP gas, diesel, fuel oil and any other energy source are brought to a common unit—the barrel of oil equivalent—using their calorific value, and then added up.
It is reviewed every year
Consumption follows production. An extra shift, a new line or a process change can cross the threshold without anyone noticing.
Tool

Calculate your thresholds with your own figures.

Enter the consumption from your bills and the tool converts it to barrels of oil equivalent. No sign-up required: the calculation runs in your browser.

Open the calculator
What it entails

Three new obligations, and one that became monthly.

Articles 88 and 89 of the Regulations completely reorganize what is required of a High Energy Consumption User. CONUEE identifies three of them as new obligations compared with the previous regime.

New obligation

Registration in the UPAC Registry

With specifications on the deregistration and re-registration procedure. Dropping below the threshold is not enough to leave: Article 98 makes deregistration conditional on having first demonstrated the management system.

New obligation

Georeferencing of facilities

A polygon delimited by geodetic coordinates of the World Geodetic System, marked in a georeferenced file. It is a technical requirement that very few facilities have in place and that takes time to survey.

New obligation

EnMS implementation

Mandatory minimum elements based on the ISO 50001 standard. This is the heart of the change: what used to be a voluntary recommendation is now a requirement with defined minimum elements.

What must be reported

And reporting became monthly.

This is the part organizations underestimate most. Rather than an annual report, the Regulations require monthly reporting of consumption and production, which calls for a data capture system running all year long.

◉

Location and activity

Location of the facility and the productive or service activity it carries out.

⚡

Energy consumed by type

Broken down by energy source: electricity, natural gas, LP gas, diesel, fuel oil and any others used.

▤

Output generated with that energy

The production or services generated. This is what makes it possible to build a performance indicator rather than just a consumption total.

↓

Measures implemented

The energy efficiency and decarbonization measures that have been put in place.

$

Energy and economic results

Declaring the measure is not enough: you must report what it achieved, in energy and in money.

◷

Monthly reporting

Of consumption and production. Without sub-metering or systematic records, this requirement alone makes instrumentation necessary.

Oversight. The Regulations empower the authority to inspect and sanction facilities and suppliers that fail to comply. Annual consumption data is submitted during the March 1 to May 31 window, on the CONUEE portal.
What the DACG established

The obligation already exists. Since September 30, 2026, so do its rules.

The law and the regulations already made it mandatory. The General Administrative Provisions (DACG), published in the DOF on September 30, 2026, settle four points.

01

Criteria for being a UPAC

The formal definition of who falls within the regime, with the thresholds and how they are calculated.

02

Registration in the Registry

Requirements and procedure for registering, deregistering and re-registering in the UPAC Registry.

03

Mandatory information

The details of what is reported, in what format and how often.

04

EnMS elements

The minimum elements the energy management system must contain to be considered compliant.

What the system requires

The minimum elements of the management system.

These are the elements the DACG set as the minimum for the EnMS to be considered compliant, based on the current ISO 50001 or the equivalent Mexican standard.

80%

Minimum coverage

The system must cover at least 80% of the facility’s total energy consumption.

3

Current energy review

Objectives and targets based on an energy review no more than three years old.

▤

EnPIs for the main energy uses

Energy performance indicators for the main energy uses, with their continual improvement action plan.

⚙

Controls and maintenance

According to the core activity and the scope of the processes within the system.

▣

Documented information

As required by the current ISO 50001 standard, or its Mexican equivalent.

◎

A responsible person per facility

A person responsible for energy management at each facility, who serves as the liaison with CONUEE.

5-15%

And the other side

A well-run system delivers reductions on the order of 5 to 15% of consumption. The obligation sets the date; the savings pay the bill.

This is established by Article 13 of the DACG. This page and the downloadable guide already incorporate the provisions published in the Official Gazette on September 30, 2026.
Free document

From Voluntary to Mandatory

A 19-page corporate guide with the article-by-article comparison, the three new obligations under the Regulations, what the law provides regarding penalties, the DACG thresholds and deadlines, the AVEE and a fourteen-question self-assessment. We will send it to your email.

Get the guide · PDFRead the guide online
For those not yet in the regime

If your facility is close to the threshold, it pays to look at it now.

With the DACG of September 30, 2026, the fuel threshold was set at 70,000 barrels of oil equivalent per year, 30% below the previous value of 100,000. More facilities are now subject to the obligation.

Anticipating costs less than arriving late. If your facility is close to the threshold—for example, above 56,000 boe, 80% of the threshold—it makes sense to run the numbers now, without pressure. There are four reasons for this.

Check how close my facility is
Four reasons to get ahead
Coming in late costs more
A facility that falls within the regime once the obligation is enforceable has to build, in a matter of months, a system that needs at least one full cycle of measured data. The baseline cannot be reconstructed retroactively if that data does not exist, and compressing the project makes every stage more expensive.
Technical capacity is finite
With the expanded scope and certification enforceable in January 2028, demand for consultants and for certification bodies’ auditor-days is concentrated in the same window. Calendars fill up and rates respond accordingly.
At that level of consumption, efficiency already pays for itself
For a facility near the thresholds, energy is usually among its three largest controllable costs. A well-run management system reduces that consumption by 5 to 15%. The obligation is one reason; the savings are another, and they stand on their own regardless of any law.
Being close to the threshold almost always means growing
Consumption follows production. Without measurement, it is impossible to know whether the increase comes from growth or from waste—and therefore impossible to defend the energy cost per unit produced to management or to a customer asking for footprint data.
Regulatory framework

Where we stand on the calendar.

The obligation is being phased in on a set calendar, and that calendar defines how much room is left to implement in an orderly way rather than in a rush.

March 18, 2025
The LPTE is published in the DOF
Implementation of the management system goes from voluntary to mandatory.
October 3, 2025
The Regulations take effect
UPAC Registry, georeferencing and EnMS implementation based on ISO 50001. Articles 88 and 89.
March 1 to May 31
Annual reporting window
Consumption for the previous calendar year, on the CONUEE portal.
September 30, 2026
The DACG are published in the DOF
Thresholds, UPAC Registry, mandatory information and minimum EnMS elements. They repeal the 2018 DACG.
The timeline math: a defensible energy baseline needs at least one full cycle of operation with measured data, and a complete implementation takes 12 to 24 months. With verification starting in June 2027 and certification enforceable in January 2028, the window to do it in an orderly way—rather than in a rush—is the one open now.
Where it usually happens

Thresholds are reached sooner than people think.

Forty-five gigawatt-hours a year sounds like a lot until it is translated into a continuous three-shift operation. These are the profiles where we most often find facilities within the regime.

Cement and building materials

Kilns, grinding and pneumatic conveying in continuous operation.

Steel and foundry

Arc furnaces, heat treatment and compressed air systems.

Chemicals and petrochemicals

Thermal processes, process steam and industrial refrigeration.

Food and beverage

Refrigeration, pasteurization, steam generation and compressed air.

Pulp and paper

Drying, steam and high-power drives.

Glass and ceramics

Melting furnaces operating without interruption for years.

Automotive and metalworking

Painting, curing ovens, compressed air and large climate-controlled buildings.

Sugar mills and agribusiness

Milling, evaporation and seasonal cogeneration.

Hospitals and data centers

24/7 operation with critical climate control and electrical redundancy.

Frequently Asked Questions

About the UPAC regime.

Since when has the energy management system been mandatory?
Since March 18, 2025, when the Energy Planning and Transition Law (LPTE) was published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF). Article 11, section XV, instructs CONUEE to promote and agree upon, with High Energy Consumption Users, the mandatory implementation of energy management systems. The previous law, the 2015 Energy Transition Law (LTE), said exactly the same thing in Article 18, section XVII, but with the word voluntary. The Regulations, published on October 3, 2025, confirm this in Article 88, section V, and explicitly name the ISO 50001 standard.
What is a UPAC?
UPAC stands for Usuario de Patrón de Alto Consumo, or High Energy Consumption User. It is the category that Mexican energy efficiency regulation assigns to facilities whose annual consumption exceeds a certain threshold. Once in that category, the facility is subject to specific obligations to the National Commission for the Efficient Use of Energy (CONUEE), including operating an Energy Management System (EnMS) in accordance with ISO 50001.
What are the exact thresholds?
There are two, and exceeding one is enough. The first is consumption above 45 gigawatt-hours of electricity per year. The second is consumption above 70,000 barrels of oil equivalent per year in fuels, adding up natural gas, LP gas, diesel, fuel oil and any other energy source consumed at the facility, converted to that common unit using its calorific value. Fuels used for transportation are excluded.
Is the threshold counted per company or per facility?
Per facility. This is the distinction that causes the most confusion at corporate headquarters: a group may have one plant well above the threshold, another just below it and a third far from reaching it, and each one is evaluated on its own. It is advisable to run the numbers site by site before concluding that the obligation does not apply.
What if my facility is just below the threshold?
It is worth reviewing carefully and reviewing again every year. Consumption grows with production, and a line expansion, an extra shift or a process replacement can cross the threshold without anyone noticing. Entering the regime unexpectedly leaves little room, because an Energy Management System needs at least one full cycle of data to stand on.
Does UPAC status require ISO 50001 certification?
Yes. The DACG establish that facilities already identified as UPACs must have their EnMS certified to the current ISO 50001 by an accredited certification body no later than January 2028, and must submit the certificate to CONUEE through the UPAC Registry. Facilities registering for the first time have a non-extendable period of one calendar year from their registration.
How much time do I need to be ready?
Between 12 and 24 months for a mid-sized organization, from the Gap Audit to having the system operating and audited. The timeline depends mainly on two things: whether reliable historical consumption data exists and how thoroughly the operation is metered today. A plant without sub-metering needs instrumentation before it can establish a defensible energy baseline.
What happens if I do not comply?
The Regulations provide for penalties for High Energy Consumption Users that fail to meet their obligations. Beyond the fine, the real cost is usually operational: arriving late to verification forces a rushed implementation of a system that needs at least one year of data to stand on, and that costs more than having done it in good time.
What penalties does the law provide?
The Energy Planning and Transition Law (LPTE) establishes that High Energy Consumption Users that commit the violations it specifies must be sanctioned by CONUEE. For failure to deliver information—not providing it, or providing false or incomplete information—the law provides for fines expressed as multiples of the value of the UMA (Mexico’s Unit of Measure and Update), ranging from one hundred to one thousand times the UMA. CONUEE begins verifying implementation in June 2027, in accordance with the DACG published on September 30, 2026. The Regulations, for their part, already establish that verification of UPACs focuses on management systems and on measurement and reporting records.
Can the threshold change and bring more companies into the regime?
Yes, and it already has. The DACG published on September 30, 2026 set the fuel threshold at 70,000 barrels of oil equivalent per year, 30% below the previous value of 100,000: facilities that used to fall outside the regime are now within it. The 45 GWh electricity threshold remains unchanged. That is why facilities close to the threshold should review their consumption every year: a facility that enters the regime once the obligation is enforceable has to build, in a matter of months, a system that needs at least one full cycle of measured data, and that makes every stage of the project more expensive.
When is consumption reported to CONUEE?
Thermal and electrical consumption data is submitted during an annual window running from March 1 to May 31 each year, on the CONUEE portal, and covers the immediately preceding calendar year. The DACG require the energy consumed each month by energy type and the volume of goods or services produced each month. In addition, the Regulations establish that consumption and production information must be kept on a monthly basis—a continuous record that is later reported, rather than a report put together once a year. That requirement alone makes sub-metering and a year-round data capture system necessary.
What is facility georeferencing and why is it new?
It is one of the three obligations that CONUEE identifies as new in the regime. It consists of delimiting the facility with a polygon of geodetic coordinates from the World Geodetic System, marked in a georeferenced file. It is a substantial task: the polygon must be surveyed accurately and in the correct format, and it is one of the items best addressed early, because hardly anyone has it ready in advance.
What are the AVEE, and are they useful if my company is not yet a UPAC?
The Voluntary Energy Efficiency Agreements (AVEE) are a CONUEE instrument open to UPACs as well as to large and medium energy consumers. They provide access to training and technical assistance for identifying efficiency measures and implementing energy management systems, along with public recognition. CONUEE itself presents them as a meaningful aid in meeting the obligation to have an Energy Management System. The program grew from 2 agreements signed between 2017 and 2020 to 38 in the 2025-2026 cycle. For a company close to the threshold, it is a sensible way to start: the work done carries forward, because it is the same work that is later demonstrated for compliance.
Where do I start if I think my company is a UPAC?
Start with two numbers: the facility’s annual electricity consumption, taken from the bills, and its annual fuel consumption converted to barrels of oil equivalent. With that, you already know whether the facility is in. The next step is a Gap Audit against the ISO 50001 requirements, which shows how far the operation is from what the standard requires.
A door that remains open

The Voluntary Energy Efficiency Agreements.

While the obligation finishes taking shape, CONUEE maintains a voluntary instrument worth knowing about: the AVEE. And it is open to UPACs as well as to large and medium energy consumers.

↓

Thermal and electrical savings

The instrument’s stated objective: reducing consumption of both forms of energy, with technical support.

$

Economic savings

The direct consequence of the previous point, and the argument that supports the case with senior management.

CO₂

Emissions reduction

Less consumption means a smaller footprint. It supports the sustainability reports that export customers request.

▤

Training and technical assistance

To identify energy efficiency measures and to implement energy management systems.

★

Public recognition

As a company committed to energy efficiency.

✓

Support for EnMS compliance

CONUEE itself identifies it as a meaningful aid in meeting the obligation to have an Energy Management System.

Why it matters if your company is not yet a UPAC. The program grew from 2 agreements signed between 2017 and 2020, to 14 between 2020 and 2024, to 38 in the 2025–2026 cycle, and that latest cycle was explicitly opened to UPACs, large and medium consumers. It is a way to start building the system with support, before the obligation arrives—and the work done carries forward: it is the same work that is later demonstrated for compliance.
If the answer was yes

For facilities within the regime, there is a well-established path.

It can be addressed step by step. Order matters more than speed, and it starts with knowing where the energy goes.

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